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ramesh babu 114ramesh babu 114 

What is upsert? How it works?

What is upsert? How it works?
Rahul KumarRahul Kumar (Salesforce Developers) 
Hi Ramesh,
Using the upsert operation, you can either insert or update an existing record in one call. To determine whether a record already exists, the upsert statement or Database method uses the record’s ID as the key to match records, a custom external ID field, or a standard field with the idLookup attribute set to true. hope it helps.

Please mark it as best answer if the information is informative.so that question is removed from an unanswered question and appear as a proper solution.

Thanks
Rahul Kumar
Gopi MarriGopi Marri
Upsert: The upsert DML operation creates new records and updates sObject records within a single statement, using a specified field to determine the presence of existing objects, or the ID field if no field is specified.

Upserting Records:
-----------------------
If you have a list containing a mix of new and existing records, you can process insertions and updates to all records in the list by using the upsert statement.
 Upsert helps avoid the creation of duplicate records and can save you time as you don’t have to determine which records exist first.
 
Upsert uses the sObject record's primary key (the ID), an idLookup field, or an external ID field to determine
whether it should create a new record or update an existing one:
If the key is not matched, a new object record is created.
If the key is matched once, the existing object record is updated.
If the key is matched multiple times, an error is generated and the object record is neither inserted or updated.

https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/langCon_apex_dml_examples_upsert.htm
Vid ClarkeVid Clarke

Q: If I have a comment field and some records have information populated in them and some don't, would using Upsert allow me to add additional information to comment field with data already in them or will it overwrite them? 

I'm looking at updating several thousand records and need to add additional information for a period of time and then remove that info at a later date.
Yash Shrivastava 3Yash Shrivastava 3
Hi, vid
in my knowledge, data in your comment field get updated when you use upsert operation because it matched the salesforce id or either external id and if there is no data in your comment field it will get inserted same time.

Thanks
Yash Shrivastava
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Data Structure: Upsert requires a unique identifier field that determines whether a record already exists or not. This field is typically an external ID or the Salesforce record ID itself. Salesforce uses this field to match the incoming data with existing records.
Matching Existing Records: When performing an upsert operation, Salesforce looks at the unique identifier field in the incoming data. If it finds a match for this identifier in the existing records, it performs an update operation on that record.
Inserting New Records: If the unique identifier field in the incoming data doesn't match any existing records, Salesforce creates a new record using the provided data.
Error Handling: During the upsert operation, Salesforce may encounter errors such as data validation failures or field-level security restrictions. You can define how these errors are handled using the optional "External ID field name" and "Request ID" parameters. These parameters allow you to track errors and manage the behavior of the upsert operation.
Bulk Upsert: Salesforce supports bulk upsert operations, which means you can upsert multiple records in a single API call. This is useful when you need to process a large amount of data efficiently. marykayintouch (https://www.marykayintouch.website/)