Hello  Deepikareddy,

you have to iterate through each object when you are serializing it as the class loan details doesn't accept the list of the JSON string.

Here is the code same as you have used i have just added for loop.

public class jsontest {

  public  loandetails loandetails{get;set;}
  
 public jsontest (){

 string teststring ='{"status":1,"data":[{"$id":"1","type":"A","InterestAmount":"2.90","TotalAmount":"198000.00","year":2018,"Name":"Axis BANK"},{"$id":"2","type":"B","InterestAmount":"3.90","TotalAmount":"158000.00","year":2019,"Name":"ICICI BANK"},{"$id":"3","type":"A","InterestAmount":"2.90","TotalAmount":"258000.00","year":2018,"Name":"HDFC BANK"}]}';
 
           Map<String, Object> mapobj= (Map<String, Object>)JSON.deserializeUntyped(teststring);
           system.debug('the Mapped and deserialized values are:'+ mapobj);
           
            list<Object> objj = (list<Object>)mapobj.get('data');
            system.debug('the data value is :::'+objj);
           
     for(Object obj : objj){
         string SerilizeEmpdata = system.json.serialize(obj);
         system.debug('After Serilization:::'+ SerilizeEmpdata);
         loandetails =(loandetails)system.json.deserialize(SerilizeEmpdata,loandetails.class);
         system.debug(loandetails);
         system.debug('binded to loan information is:::'+loandetails.name); 
     }
         
 }
    
  //wrapperclass
 
  public class loandetails{
  
    public string type{get;set;}
    public string InterestAmount{get;set;}
    public string TotalAmount{get;set;}
    public integer year{get;set;}
    public string Name{get;set;}
  } 
}

you can find the solution 

if it worked for you please mark as solved 

thanks